Measurement of amplitude of the moiré patterns in digital autostereoscopic 3D display

The article presents the experimental measurements of the amplitude of the moiré patterns in a digital autostereoscopic barrier-type 3D display across a wide angular range with a small increment. The period and orientation of the moiré patterns were also measured as functions of the angle. Simultaneous branches are observed and analyzed. The theoretical interpretation is also given. The results can help preventing or minimizing the moiré effect in displays. © OCIS codes: (120.4120) Moiré techniques; (120.2650) Fringe analysis; (110.3000) Image quality assessment. References and links 1. I. Amidror, The Theory of the Moiré Phenomenon, Volume I: Periodic Layers (Springer, 2009). 2. K. Patorski and M. Kujawinska, Handbook of the Moiré Fringe Technique (Elsiver Science Publisher, 1993). 3. M. Halle, “Autostereoscopic displays and computer graphics,” Computer Graphics ACM SIGGRAPH 31(2), 8– 62 (1997). 4. N. A. Dodgson, “Autostereoscopic 3D displays,” IEEE Computer 38, 31–36 (2005). 5. G. Bell, R. Craig, and T. Simmiss, “Moiré interference in multilayered displays,” J. Soc. Inf. Disp. 15(11), 883– 888 (2007). 6. L. Kong, G. Jin, and T. Wang, “Analysis of Moiré minimization in autostereoscopic parallax displays,” Opt. Express 21(22), 26068–26079 (2013). 7. J. Hong, Y. Kim, H. J. Choi, J. Hahn, J. H. Park, H. Kim, S. W. Min, N. Chen, and B. Lee, “Three-dimensional display technologies of recent interest: principles, status, and issues,” Appl. Opt. 50(34), H87–H115 (2011). 8. V. Saveljev and S.-K. Kim, “Experimental observation of moiré angles in parallax barrier 3D displays,” Opt. Express 22(14), 17147-17157 (2014). 9. D. Zwillinger, CRC Standard Mathematical Tables and Formulae (CRC, 2002), Chap. 4.4. 10. V. Saveljev, “Orientations and branches of moiré waves in three-dimensional displays,” J.Korean Phys. Soc. 57(6), 1392-1396 (2010). 11. V. Saveljev and S.-K. Kim, "Probability of the moiré effect in barrier and lenticular autostereoscopic 3D displays," Opt. Express 23(20), 25597-25607 (2015). 12. Y. Kim, G. Park, J.-H. Jung, J. Kim, and B. Lee, “Color moiré pattern simulation and analysis in threedimensional integral imaging for finding the moiré-reduced tilted angle of a lens array,” Appl. Opt. 48(11), 2178–2187 (2009). 13. V. Saveljev, S.-K. Kim, H. Lee, H.-W. Kim, and B. Lee, “Maximum and minimum amplitudes of the moiré patterns in oneand two-dimensional binary gratings in relation to the opening ratio,” Opt. Express 24(3), 29052918 (2016). 14. V. Saveljev and S.-K. Kim, “Theoretical estimation of moiré effect using spectral trajectories,” Opt. Express 21(2), 1693–1712 (2013). 15. V. Saveljev and S.-K. Kim, “Computer simulation of moiré waves in autostereoscopic displays basing on spectral trajectories,” Proc. SPIE 9117, 91170W, Baltimore, MD, USA (2014). 16. M. C. Hutley, R. Hunt, R. F. Stevens, and P. Savandert, “The moiré magnifier,” J. Eur. Opt. Part A: Pure Appl. Opt. 3(2), 133–14 (1994). 17. A.B. Watson, “A formula for the mean human optical modulation transfer function as a function of pupil size,” J. Vision 13(6), 1–11(2013). 18. V.V. Saveljev, J.-Y. Son, J.-H. Chun, K.-D. Kwack, and K.-H. Cha, “About a Moiré-Less Condition for NonSquare Grids,” J. Disp. Technol. 4(3), 332-339 (2008). 19. S. Zhou, Y. Fu, X. T. S. Hu, W. Chen, and Y. Yang, “Fourier-based analysis of moiré fringe patterns of superposed gratings in alignment of nanolithography,” Opt. Express 16(11) 78697880 (2008). 20. I. Amidror and R.D. Hersch, “Fourier-based analysis of phase shifts in the superposition of periodic layers and their moiré effects,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 13(5), 974 987 (1996).